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Signed-off-by: Marcello Seri <[email protected]>
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mseri committed Dec 19, 2023
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23 changes: 12 additions & 11 deletions 4-cotangentbdl.tex
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Expand Up @@ -364,24 +364,25 @@ \section{One-forms and the cotangent bundle}
\end{exercise}

Exercise~\ref{ex:propdiff} is particularly interesting if we look at it in relation to the pushforward.
In particular, the first statement in Theorem~\ref{thm:liealgiso} can be rewritten as follows.
\begin{proposition}
Let $F:M\to N$ be a diffeomorphism and $X\in\fX(M)$.
Then, for any $f\in C^\infty(N)$,
\begin{equation}
X(F^* f) = F_*X(f) \circ F.
\end{equation}
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
Indeed, for any $p\in M$,
\begin{align}
F_*X(f) \circ F(p) & = ((F_*X) f) (F(p)) = (F_*X)_{F(p)} f \\
& = (dF \circ X \circ F^{-1})(F(p)) f = (dF\circ X)(p) f \\
& = dF_p(X_p) f, \\
X (F^*f)(p) & = X(f\circ F)(p) = X_p(f\circ F) = dF_p(X_p) f \\
% &= d (f\circ F) \circ X = df \circ dF \circ X \\
% & = df \circ F_* X \circ F = F_* X (f) \circ F.
\end{align}
\end{proof}
% \begin{proof}
% Indeed, for any $p\in M$,
% \begin{align}
% F_*X(f) \circ F(p) & = ((F_*X) f) (F(p)) = (F_*X)_{F(p)} f \\
% & = (dF \circ X \circ F^{-1})(F(p)) f = (dF\circ X)(p) f \\
% & = dF_p(X_p) f, \\
% X (F^*f)(p) & = X(f\circ F)(p) = X_p(f\circ F) = dF_p(X_p) f \\
% % &= d (f\circ F) \circ X = df \circ dF \circ X \\
% % & = df \circ F_* X \circ F = F_* X (f) \circ F.
% \end{align}
% \end{proof}
In this case you often say that the vector fields are $F$-related\footnote{This is a definition that can be properly formalized, but we will not spend any time on it in during the course.} or that they behave naturally: you can either pull back the function $f$ to $M$ or push forward the vector field $X$ to $N$.

\begin{exercise}
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4 changes: 2 additions & 2 deletions 6-differentiaforms.tex
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Expand Up @@ -619,10 +619,10 @@ \section{Exterior derivative}
\end{exercise}

\begin{exercise}\label{exe:symplectic}
Let $V$ a vector space of dimension $k$.
Let $V$ be a vector space of dimension $k$.
A symplectic form on $V$ is an element $\omega\in\Lambda^2(V)$ which is non-degenerate in the sense that $\iota_v(\omega) = 0$ if and only if $v=0$.
Cf. Definition~\ref{def:metric}.
A \emph{symplectic manifold} is a smooth manifold $M$ equipped with a closed differential 2-form $\omega$ such tht $\omega_q$ is a symplectic form on $T_q M$ for every $q\in M$.
A \emph{symplectic manifold} is a smooth manifold $M$ equipped with a closed differential 2-form $\omega$ such that $\omega_q$ is a symplectic form on $T_q M$ for every $q\in M$.
\begin{enumerate}
\item Prove that if a symplectic form exists, then $k=2n$ for some $n\in\N$, i.e., it must be an even number.
\item Let $M$ be a smooth manifold. Define a $1$-form $\eta\in\Omega^1(T^*M)$ on the cotangent bundle of $M$ as
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